没有充分考虑施工设备机械结构和工作参数对再生效果的影响。目前，大多数就地冷再生设备的再生鼓为联组三角带定速比皮带传动方式，其铣刨刀具的切削线速度为定值。个别小功率再生设备虽然采用变量液压系统驱动，具有再生鼓转速连续可调功能，但与大中型就地冷再生设备一样，都没有真正实现再生鼓工作转速(对应铣刨刀具线速度)与设备行走速度、再生深度的自动匹配。这使得在不同再生深度工况下，设备的行走速度不同，再生鼓对旧沥青路面的切削量也会随之发生变化，从而使再生混合料的粒径和级配处于一种连续的波动变化状态。如果施工过程中没有对各相关参数及时进行控制和调整，在某一工况的某一时段就可能由于工作参数的不匹配，使得再生料粒径规格超出级配设计范围，形成不合格混合料，终影响养护或维修工程的再生质量。

Not fully considering the impact of mechanical structure and working parameters of construction equipment on the regeneration effect. At present, the regeneration drum of most on-site cold regeneration equipment at home and abroad adopts a combined triangular belt fixed speed ratio belt transmission method, and the cutting line speed of its milling and planing tools is a fixed value. Although some low-power regeneration equipment is driven by a variable hydraulic system and has the function of continuously adjustable regeneration drum speed, like large and medium-sized on-site cold regeneration equipment, they have not truly achieved automatic matching between the working speed of the regeneration drum (corresponding to the linear speed of the milling cutter) and the walking speed and regeneration depth of the equipment. This results in different walking speeds of the equipment under different regeneration depth conditions, and the cutting amount of the regeneration drum on the old asphalt pavement will also change accordingly, thereby keeping the particle size and gradation of the recycled mixture in a continuous fluctuation state. If the relevant parameters are not controlled and adjusted in a timely manner during the construction process, at a certain period of time in a certain working condition, due to the mismatch of working parameters, the particle size specifications of recycled materials may exceed the grading design range, forming unqualified mixtures, ultimately affecting the quality of recycling in maintenance or repair work.

没有充分考虑工作装置机械结构特性对再生料的拌和均匀性和级配影响。作为铣拌类养护设备中的两款核心机型，沥青路面就地冷再生机和冷铣刨机在技术发展和设备应用方面同根同源，有着相同的技术基础，但却有着不同的发展方向。就地冷再生机的再生工作装置是再生鼓，冷铣刨机的铣刨工作装置是铣刨鼓，二者都是通过转子转动，带动其上面分布的切削刀具对路面进行铣削。但是，就地冷再生考虑更多的是，再生鼓上刀具排布对再生沥青混合料粒径的控制，并保证再生料的充分拌和，还要考虑二次破碎时滚筒外缘与刀具之间所形成空间的合理性，以保证再生料的均匀性和级配。

Insufficient consideration was given to the influence of the mechanical structure characteristics of the working device on the mixing uniformity and gradation of recycled materials. As the two core models of milling and mixing maintenance equipment, the asphalt pavement on-site cold regeneration machine and the cold milling and planing machine share the same technical foundation and equipment application, but have different development directions. The regeneration working device of the on-site cold regeneration machine is the regeneration drum, and the milling working device of the cold milling machine is the milling drum. Both are driven by the rotation of the rotor to drive the cutting tools distributed on it to mill the road surface. However, on-site cold regeneration focuses more on controlling the particle size of the recycled asphalt mixture through the arrangement of cutting tools on the regeneration drum, ensuring sufficient mixing of the recycled material, and also considering the rationality of the space formed between the outer edge of the drum and the cutting tools during secondary crushing to ensure the uniformity and grading of the recycled material.

没有充分考虑铣刨切削作业及公路自身特性对再生料的拌和均匀性与级配的影响。就地冷再生机在进行沥青层就地再生或稳定层就地再生的施工过程中，由于刀具对原有旧混合料的铣刨破碎作业，部分混合料的骨料粒径破碎变小，同时又有部分再生混合料(包括沥青混凝土混合料)经破碎后粒径满足要求，充当了再生料骨料的角色，再生铣刨物料的级配发生了较大变化；另外，路面前期维修养护时，不同施工期、不同工艺要求修筑的路基或路面(包括沥青路面)性能存在较大的差异，尤其是使用时间较长、病害类型较多或发生多次损坏的公路，在再生过程中，不同的养护作业和施工工艺使得后期路面的各种参数相比原设计参数生产了不同程度的偏离。这些影响再生效果的因素都不可能在就地冷再生施工方案设计中予以充分考虑，并且不会在后期施工过程中全部排除，因而会使再生料的均匀性和级配的性能恢复效果大打折扣。

Insufficient consideration was given to the impact of milling and cutting operations, as well as the characteristics of the road itself, on the mixing uniformity and gradation of recycled materials. During the construction process of on-site asphalt layer regeneration or stable layer on-site regeneration, the on-site cold regeneration machine, due to the milling and crushing operation of the cutting tool on the original old mixture, reduces the particle size of some mixtures, and at the same time, some recycled mixtures (including asphalt concrete mixtures) meet the requirements after crushing, playing the role of recycled aggregates. The grading of the recycled milling materials has undergone significant changes; In addition, during the early maintenance and upkeep of the pavement, there are significant differences in the performance of the roadbed or pavement (including asphalt pavement) constructed during different construction periods and process requirements, especially for highways with long service life, multiple types of diseases, or multiple damages. During the regeneration process, different maintenance operations and construction techniques result in varying degrees of deviation of various parameters of the later pavement compared to the original design parameters. These factors that affect the regeneration effect cannot be fully considered in the design of the on-site cold regeneration construction plan, and will not be completely eliminated in the later construction process, which will greatly reduce the uniformity of the recycled material and the performance recovery effect of the gradation.

现有就地冷再生技术没有充分考虑恢复和利用旧沥青材料中沥青的性能，影响就地冷再生技术在高速公路及高等级沥青公路养护领域的推广应用。目前的就地冷再生通过将沥青层(全部或部分)材料、基层材料再生料混合作为满足所需承载力的基层材料使用，降低了再生料的使用等级。这些材料虽然具有一定的强度、刚度和水稳性，但由于是将再生料中的旧沥青与旧混合料一起作为骨料使用，没有充分考虑再生混合料中旧沥青的性能恢复，只能在县、乡村道路翻修或国、省道的基层修筑中使用，不能在高等级公路的沥青面层推广应用。

The existing on-site cold recycling technology has not fully considered the recovery and utilization of the performance of asphalt in old asphalt materials, which affects the promotion and application of on-site cold recycling technology in the maintenance field of highways and high-grade asphalt highways. At present, on-site cold recycling reduces the grade of recycled materials by mixing asphalt layer (all or part) materials and recycled base materials as base materials to meet the required bearing capacity. Although these materials have certain strength, stiffness, and water stability, due to the use of old asphalt in recycled materials together with old mixtures as aggregates, the performance recovery of old asphalt in recycled mixtures has not been fully considered. They can only be used in the renovation of county and rural roads or the construction of national and provincial road bases, and cannot be fully promoted and applied in the asphalt surface layer of high-grade highways.