撒布板作为各类散料输送、摊铺设备的关键部件，其耐磨层的材料厚度直接影响使用寿命和作业效率，合理的厚度设计需结合使用场景、物料特性等多方面因素综合考量。

　　As a key component of various bulk material conveying and paving equipment, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer of the spreading board directly affects its service life and operational efficiency. Reasonable thickness design needs to be comprehensively considered in combination with various factors such as usage scenarios and material characteristics.

　　耐磨层材料厚度的确定与使用环境密切相关。在输送硬度较高的物料（如矿石、砂石）时，耐磨层需具备足够厚度以抵抗物料的持续冲刷和撞击，通常厚度在 5-15 毫米之间。若物料颗粒较大且棱角分明，会加剧耐磨层的磨损，此时厚度需取上限；而输送煤粉、谷物等较软物料时，厚度可适当减薄至 3-8 毫米，既能满足耐磨需求，又能避免材料浪费。此外，撒布板的作业频率也会影响厚度选择，长期连续作业的设备，耐磨层厚度需增加 2-3 毫米以延长更换周期。

　　The determination of the thickness of the wear-resistant layer material is closely related to the usage environment. When transporting materials with high hardness, such as ore and sand, the wear-resistant layer needs to have sufficient thickness to resist continuous erosion and impact of the material, usually between 5-15 millimeters in thickness. If the material particles are large and angular, it will intensify the wear of the wear-resistant layer, and the thickness should be taken as the upper limit at this time; When conveying softer materials such as coal powder and grains, the thickness can be appropriately reduced to 3-8 millimeters, which can meet the wear resistance requirements and avoid material waste. In addition, the frequency of the spreading board operation will also affect the thickness selection. For equipment that operates continuously for a long time, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer needs to be increased by 2-3 millimeters to extend the replacement cycle.

　　不同材质的耐磨层对厚度要求存在差异。采用高铬铸铁作为耐磨层时，因其硬度高但韧性较低，厚度通常控制在 8-12 毫米，过厚易导致脆性断裂；而采用双金属复合层（基层为普通钢材，表层为耐磨合金）时，耐磨层厚度可根据需求调整，一般表层厚度占总厚度的 1/3-1/2，既保证耐磨性，又借助基层的韧性防止整体开裂。陶瓷耐磨层虽硬度极高，但脆性较大，厚度多在 3-6 毫米，且需与基层紧密结合，避免因厚度过大导致脱落。

　　There are differences in the thickness requirements for wear-resistant layers made of different materials. When using high chromium cast iron as the wear-resistant layer, due to its high hardness but low toughness, the thickness is usually controlled at 8-12 millimeters, and excessive thickness can easily lead to brittle fracture; When using a bimetallic composite layer (with ordinary steel as the base layer and wear-resistant alloy as the surface layer), the thickness of the wear-resistant layer can be adjusted according to the needs. Generally, the thickness of the surface layer accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the total thickness, which ensures wear resistance and prevents overall cracking with the help of the toughness of the base layer. Although the ceramic wear-resistant layer has extremely high hardness, it is brittle and has a thickness of 3-6 millimeters. It needs to be tightly bonded with the base layer to avoid detachment due to excessive thickness.

　　厚度的均匀性对耐磨效果至关重要。耐磨层在制作过程中若厚度不均，局部较薄的区域会先出现磨损穿孔，进而影响整个撒布板的使用寿命。因此，加工时需通过精准的模具设计或激光熔覆等工艺控制厚度偏差，通常允许偏差不超过 ±0.5 毫米。对于大面积撒布板，可采用分段设计，根据不同区域的磨损程度调整厚度，例如物料冲击集中的边缘部位厚度比中间区域增加 2-3 毫米，实现材料的高效利用。

　　The uniformity of thickness is crucial for the wear resistance effect. If the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is uneven during the production process, locally thinner areas will first experience wear and perforation, which will affect the service life of the entire spreading board. Therefore, during processing, it is necessary to control the thickness deviation through precise mold design or laser cladding processes, usually allowing a deviation of no more than ± 0.5 millimeters. For large-area spreading boards, segmented design can be adopted to adjust the thickness according to the degree of wear in different areas. For example, the thickness of the edge area where material impact is concentrated can be increased by 2-3 millimeters compared to the middle area, achieving efficient utilization of materials.

　　厚度检测需采用专业方法。常用的无损检测手段包括超声波测厚仪，通过探头向耐磨层发射超声波，根据反射波的传播时间计算厚度，检测时需在不同位置选取多个测点，取平均值作为最终结果，确保数据代表性。对于新制作的撒布板，还可通过截面切割法进行破坏性检测，直接测量耐磨层与基层的厚度比例，验证是否符合设计要求。使用过程中，定期检测厚度变化可预判更换时间，当局部厚度磨损至初始厚度的 1/3 时，需及时修复或更换，避免基层受损。

　　Thickness detection requires professional methods. The commonly used non-destructive testing methods include ultrasonic thickness gauges, which emit ultrasonic waves to the wear-resistant layer through a probe, calculate the thickness based on the propagation time of the reflected waves, and select multiple measuring points at different positions during testing. The average value is taken as the final result to ensure data representativeness. For newly made spreading boards, destructive testing can also be carried out through cross-sectional cutting method, directly measuring the thickness ratio of the wear-resistant layer to the base layer to verify whether it meets the design requirements. During use, regular monitoring of thickness changes can predict the replacement time. When the local thickness wears down to one-third of the initial thickness, it needs to be repaired or replaced in a timely manner to avoid damage to the base layer.

　　厚度与成本及性能的平衡是关键。盲目增加厚度虽能延长寿命，但会增加材料成本和撒布板自重，影响设备的运行能耗；厚度不足则会导致频繁更换，增加停机维护时间。因此，需结合设备的作业强度、物料特性及维护周期，计算经济合理的厚度值。例如，用于市政道路摊铺的撒布板，因作业周期稳定且物料为沥青混合料，耐磨层厚度设定为 6-8 毫米即可平衡成本与性能。

　　The balance between thickness, cost, and performance is crucial. Blindly increasing the thickness can prolong the service life, but it will increase material costs and the weight of the spreading board, affecting the energy consumption of equipment operation; Insufficient thickness can lead to frequent replacement and increase downtime for maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate an economically reasonable thickness value based on the operating intensity, material characteristics, and maintenance cycle of the equipment. For example, the spreading board used for municipal road paving can balance cost and performance by setting the wear-resistant layer thickness to 6-8 millimeters due to its stable operation cycle and the use of asphalt mixture material.

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