冷再生机作为路面养护与再生施工的关键设备，其刨土深度的精准调节直接影响施工质量与材料利用率。在租赁设备进行路基处理、旧路面翻新等作业时，操作人员需根据施工要求、路面结构及材料特性灵活调整深度，既要保证铣刨彻底，又要避免过度切削损伤基层。以下从调节原理、操作步骤、工况适配及注意事项四个维度，解析冷再生机刨土深度的调节要点。

　　As a key equipment for road maintenance and regeneration construction, the precise adjustment of the digging depth of the cold recycling machine directly affects the construction quality and material utilization rate. When leasing equipment for roadbed treatment, old pavement renovation and other operations, operators need to flexibly adjust the depth according to construction requirements, pavement structure and material characteristics, ensuring thorough milling and avoiding excessive cutting damage to the base layer. The following analyzes the key points for adjusting the soil depth of a cold recycling machine from four dimensions: adjustment principle, operation steps, working condition adaptation, and precautions.

　　调节系统的基本构成与原理

　　Basic composition and principle of regulating system

　　冷再生机的刨土深度调节依赖机械与液压协同系统，核心组件包括深度调节杆、限位装置、液压油缸及铣刨鼓高度传感器。液压油缸通过伸缩控制铣刨鼓的升降，进而改变刀具与地面的相对距离，这一距离即为实际刨土深度。现代冷再生机多配备电子控制系统，在操作面板上可实时显示当前深度值（精度达 ±5mm），部分设备还支持预设深度记忆功能，便于同一标段内保持一致的切削标准。

　　The depth adjustment of the cold recycling machine relies on a mechanical and hydraulic collaborative system, with core components including a depth adjustment rod, limit device, hydraulic cylinder, and milling drum height sensor. The hydraulic cylinder controls the lifting and lowering of the milling drum through expansion and contraction, thereby changing the relative distance between the tool and the ground, which is the actual depth of soil excavation. Modern cold recycling machines are often equipped with electronic control systems, which can display the current depth value in real-time on the operation panel (with an accuracy of ± 5mm). Some devices also support preset depth memory function, making it easy to maintain consistent cutting standards within the same section.

　　深度调节的机械限位装置是安全保障的关键。当调节深度超过设备设计上限（通常为 300mm）时，限位螺栓会触发机械锁止，防止油缸过度伸缩导致结构损坏。而铣刨鼓的转速与深度存在联动关系，深度增加时需相应降低转速（从 200r/min 降至 150r/min），以避免刀具负荷过大引发闷车，这一匹配逻辑需在调节过程中同步考量。

　　The mechanical limit device for deep adjustment is the key to safety assurance. When the adjustment depth exceeds the upper limit of the equipment design (usually 300mm), the limit bolt will trigger mechanical locking to prevent excessive expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder from causing structural damage. There is a linkage between the speed and depth of the milling drum, and when the depth increases, the speed needs to be correspondingly reduced (from 200r/min to 150r/min) to avoid tool overload causing stuffiness. This matching logic needs to be considered synchronously during the adjustment process.

　　标准调节步骤与参数设定

　　Standard adjustment steps and parameter settings

　　租赁冷再生机后，首次调节需进行基准校准。先将设备停放在平整的硬化路面，启动液压系统使铣刨鼓缓慢接触地面，当刀具刚触碰到路面时，在操作面板上将此时的深度值设为 “0 点”，作为后续调节的基准。校准完成后，根据施工图纸要求的深度值（如 100mm），通过调节杆逐步提升或下降铣刨鼓，每次调整幅度不宜超过 20mm，待液压系统稳定后（约 3-5 秒）再确认显示深度，反复微调至精准数值。

　　After leasing the cold regeneration machine, the first adjustment requires benchmark calibration. First, park the equipment on a flat and hardened road surface, activate the hydraulic system to slowly make the milling drum touch the ground. When the tool just touches the road surface, set the depth value at this time as "0 point" on the operation panel as the reference for subsequent adjustments. After calibration is completed, according to the depth value required by the construction drawings (such as 100mm), gradually raise or lower the milling drum by adjusting the rod. The adjustment amplitude should not exceed 20mm each time. After the hydraulic system stabilizes (about 3-5 seconds), confirm the displayed depth and repeatedly adjust it to the precise value.

　　实际作业前需进行试刨验证。在施工段起点选取 10 米长的试验区域，按设定深度进行试铣，停机后用卷尺测量实际切削深度，对比面板显示值，若偏差超过 10mm，需通过控制系统的校准功能修正。试刨过程中同时观察铣刨料的粒径与均匀性，若出现大块未破碎材料，可能是深度调节过大导致刀具负荷不足，需适当减小深度或提高刀具转速。

　　Before actual homework, a trial planing verification is required. Select a 10 meter long test area at the starting point of the construction section, conduct trial milling according to the set depth, measure the actual cutting depth with a tape measure after stopping the machine, and compare the displayed values on the panel. If the deviation exceeds 10mm, it needs to be corrected through the calibration function of the control system. During the trial planing process, observe the particle size and uniformity of the milled material simultaneously. If large pieces of unbroken material appear, it may be due to insufficient tool load caused by excessive depth adjustment. It is necessary to reduce the depth or increase the tool speed appropriately.

　　对于连续作业中的深度调整，需遵循 “渐进式” 原则。当从旧路面过渡到新路基时，应从初始深度开始，每前进 5 米增加 5-10mm 深度，直至达到目标值，避免突然加深导致设备振动加剧。遇到路面结构变化（如从沥青层切入水泥稳定层），需提前 5 米开始逐步调整，确保切削界面平滑过渡。

　　For depth adjustment in continuous assignments, the principle of "gradual" should be followed. When transitioning from the old road surface to the new roadbed, the depth should be increased by 5-10mm every 5 meters from the initial depth until the target value is reached, to avoid sudden deepening that may exacerbate equipment vibration. When encountering changes in road surface structure (such as cutting from asphalt layer to cement stabilized layer), it is necessary to start adjusting gradually 5 meters in advance to ensure a smooth transition of the cutting interface.

　　不同工况下的调节策略

　　Adjustment strategies under different operating conditions

　　路面结构差异决定深度调节的侧重点。在沥青路面再生施工中，刨土深度需精确控制在沥青层与基层的结合面上方 5-10mm，既保证旧沥青料完全铣刨回收，又不破坏基层完整性。以济南地区常见的 18cm 厚沥青路面为例，调节深度应设定为 17-18cm，配合铣刨鼓的逆向旋转，可减少对基层的扰动。

　　The differences in pavement structure determine the focus of depth adjustment. In the construction of asphalt pavement recycling, the depth of soil excavation should be precisely controlled 5-10mm above the joint surface between the asphalt layer and the base layer, ensuring complete milling and recycling of old asphalt materials without damaging the integrity of the base layer. Taking the common 18cm thick asphalt pavement in Jinan area as an example, the adjustment depth should be set to 17-18cm, and with the reverse rotation of the milling drum, it can reduce the disturbance to the base layer.

　　路基处理作业的深度调节需结合土壤特性。砂性土路段可适当加大深度（20-25cm），利用冷再生机的拌和功能使土料与稳定剂充分混合；粘性土路段则需减小深度（15-20cm），并提高铣刨频率，避免出现 “糊刀” 现象。当遇到路基含石块较多的情况，深度应控制在石块直径的 1.5 倍以上（如石块直径 10cm 时，深度不小于 15cm），防止刀具卡滞。

　　The depth adjustment of roadbed treatment operations needs to be combined with soil characteristics. The depth of sandy soil sections can be appropriately increased (20-25cm), and the mixing function of cold regeneration can be utilized to fully mix the soil material with stabilizers; For sections with sticky soil, it is necessary to reduce the depth (15-20cm) and increase the milling frequency to avoid the phenomenon of "sticking knives". When encountering situations where the roadbed contains a lot of stones, the depth should be controlled at 1.5 times or more the diameter of the stones (such as when the diameter of the stones is 10cm, the depth should not be less than 15cm) to prevent tool jamming.

　　特殊路段的深度调节需灵活应变。桥头搭板区域的刨土深度应从桥台向路面渐变（从 5cm 逐步增至设计值），避免形成台阶式切削；弯道处需适当减小深度（比直线路段减少 10%-15%），降低离心力对设备稳定性的影响。雨天作业时，因土壤含水率升高，深度需比晴天减少 5-8mm，防止铣刨料过湿导致拌和不均。

　　The depth adjustment of special road sections needs to be flexible and adaptable. The depth of soil excavation in the bridge deck area should gradually increase from 5cm towards the road surface, avoiding the formation of stepped cutting; At bends, the depth should be appropriately reduced (by 10% -15% compared to straight sections) to minimize the impact of centrifugal force on equipment stability. When working on rainy days, due to the increase in soil moisture content, the depth needs to be reduced by 5-8mm compared to sunny days to prevent uneven mixing caused by excessively wet milling materials.

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