冷再生技术作为道路养护领域的前沿工艺，通过循环利用旧沥青路面材料（RAP），实现了资源节约与施工效率的双重提升。冷再生机作为该技术的核心设备，其适用工况直接关系到工程效果与经济效益。本文将从技术特性出发，结合典型应用场景，系统阐述冷再生机的适用范围与实施要点。

　　As a cutting-edge technology in the field of road maintenance, cold recycling technology achieves a dual improvement in resource conservation and construction efficiency by recycling old asphalt pavement materials (RAP). As the core equipment of this technology, the applicable working conditions of the cold regeneration machine are directly related to the engineering effect and economic benefits. This article will start from the technical characteristics and combine typical application scenarios to systematically explain the scope of application and implementation points of cold recycling machines.

　　一、路面病害修复领域的主力军

　　1、 The main force in the field of road surface disease repair

　　冷再生机最适宜处理网裂、车辙、沉陷等中轻度病害路面。当旧路沥青层厚度在8-15cm之间，且基层未出现结构性破坏时，冷再生工艺可实现原位修复。设备通过铣刨刀头将旧料破碎至37.5mm以下粒径，同步添加再生剂恢复沥青性能，特别适用于服务区匝道、公交专用道等高频使用区域的预防性养护。

　　The cold recycling machine is most suitable for treating medium to mild road surface diseases such as mesh cracking, rutting, and subsidence. When the thickness of the asphalt layer on the old road is between 8-15cm and there is no structural damage to the base layer, the cold recycling process can achieve in-situ repair. The equipment crushes the old material to a particle size of 37.5mm or less through milling cutters, and synchronously adds rejuvenators to restore asphalt performance. It is particularly suitable for preventive maintenance in high-frequency use areas such as service area ramps and bus lanes.

　　二、旧路升级改造的理想选择

　　2、 The ideal choice for upgrading and renovating old roads

　　在三级公路改二级公路、县道提质等工程中，冷再生机可充分利用旧路资源。当旧路弯沉值处于60-120（0.01mm）区间时，通过补充4.75-9.5mm新集料调整级配，再生层可承担基层功能。某国道改造项目显示，采用冷再生工艺后，旧料利用率达85%，施工周期缩短40%，综合成本降低35%。

　　In projects such as third-class highway to second-class highway and county road quality improvement, the cold recycling machine can make full use of the old road resources. When the deflection value of the old road is in the range of 60-120 (0.01mm), adjusting the gradation by adding 4.75-9.5mm new aggregate can enable the recycled layer to serve as the base layer. A certain national highway renovation project shows that after adopting cold recycling technology, the utilization rate of old materials reaches 85%, the construction period is shortened by 40%, and the comprehensive cost is reduced by 35%.

　　三、城市道路养护的绿色方案

　　3、 Green solutions for urban road maintenance

　　针对城市主干道、停车场等对环保要求严苛的场景，冷再生机展现出独特优势。设备采用封闭式输料系统，施工过程中粉尘排放量低于2mg/m³，噪音控制在75dB以内。在济南某快速路养护中，夜间施工未引发居民投诉，再生层通车后PM2.5浓度较传统工艺降低60%。

　　Cold recycling machines exhibit unique advantages in scenarios where environmental requirements are stringent, such as on urban main roads and parking lots. The equipment adopts a closed material conveying system, and the dust emission during the construction process is less than 2mg/m³ The noise should be controlled within 75dB. In the maintenance of a certain expressway in Jinan, nighttime construction did not cause any complaints from residents, and after the opening of the regeneration layer, the PM2.5 concentration was reduced by 60% compared to traditional techniques.

　　四、特殊环境施工的适应性突破

　　4、 Breakthrough in adaptability for construction in special environments

　　低温环境作业：

　　Low temperature environment operation:

　　当环境温度高于5℃时，冷再生机可通过添加温拌剂降低混合料粘度，确保-10℃条件下仍可施工。某高原公路项目在11月平均气温-3℃环境下，采用该技术完成12公里路面再生，压实度检测达标率100%。

　　When the ambient temperature is above 5 ℃, the cold regeneration machine can reduce the viscosity of the mixture by adding a warm mixing agent, ensuring that construction can still be carried out under -10 ℃ conditions. A high-altitude highway project used this technology to complete 12 kilometers of road surface regeneration in an environment with an average temperature of -3 ℃ in November, and the compaction degree detection compliance rate was 100%.

　　潮湿区域施工：

　　Construction in damp areas:

　　针对年降雨量超800mm地区，设备配备智能含水量控制系统，通过红外传感器实时监测旧料湿度，自动调节补水量。某沿海城市试验段显示，再生料浸水马歇尔残留稳定度达87%，远超JTGF41标准要求。

　　For areas with annual rainfall exceeding 800mm, the equipment is equipped with an intelligent moisture content control system, which monitors the humidity of old materials in real time through infrared sensors and automatically adjusts the water replenishment amount. A test section in a coastal city showed that the Marshall residual stability of recycled materials soaked in water reached 87%, far exceeding the requirements of JTGF41 standard.

　　桥头跳车专项治理：

　　Special treatment for bridge jumping:

　　在桥头过渡段处理中，冷再生机可精准控制铣刨深度，通过添加钢纤维增强混合料韧性。某高速公路桥头整治项目表明，再生层模量从600MPa提升至1200MPa，工后沉降量控制在3mm以内。

　　In the treatment of the transition section at the bridgehead, the cold recycling machine can accurately control the milling depth and enhance the toughness of the mixture by adding steel fibers. A certain highway bridgehead renovation project shows that the modulus of the regeneration layer has been increased from 600MPa to 1200MPa, and the post construction settlement is controlled within 3mm.

　　五、工况选择的技术准则

　　5、 Technical criteria for selecting operating conditions

　　旧料适用性判定：

　　Applicability assessment of old materials:

　　需满足RAP沥青含量≥2.5%、含水量≤5%、无严重油污等前提条件。对于老化严重的旧料，应通过抽提试验确定再生剂掺量，通常每增加1%老化度，再生剂用量需提升0.3%。

　　Must meet the prerequisites of RAP asphalt content ≥ 2.5%, moisture content ≤ 5%, and no severe oil pollution. For old materials with severe aging, the dosage of regenerant should be determined through extraction tests. Typically, for every 1% increase in aging degree, the dosage of regenerant needs to be increased by 0.3%.

　　交通荷载适配：

　　Traffic load adaptation:

　　设计轴载超过1000万次时，再生层需采用双层结构：下层为水泥稳定冷再生（7天无侧限抗压强度≥2.5MPa），上层为乳化沥青冷再生（动稳定度≥3000次/mm）。

　　When the designed axle load exceeds 10 million cycles, the regeneration layer needs to adopt a double-layer structure: the lower layer is cement stabilized cold regeneration (7-day unconfined compressive strength ≥ 2.5MPa), and the upper layer is emulsified asphalt cold regeneration (dynamic stability ≥ 3000 cycles/mm).

　　经济性评估模型：

　　Economic evaluation model:

　　当运输半径超过50公里，或旧料弃置费用高于80元/吨时，冷再生工艺显现经济优势。某省道大修项目测算显示，采用该技术后每公里节约成本12万元，投资回收期缩短至1.8年。

　　When the transportation radius exceeds 50 kilometers or the cost of disposing of old materials exceeds 80 yuan/ton, the cold recycling process shows economic advantages. The calculation of a major repair project on a certain provincial road shows that adopting this technology can save costs of 120000 yuan per kilometer and shorten the investment payback period to 1.8 years.

　　冷再生机的适用工况已从传统养护向新建工程、特殊环境治理等领域拓展，其技术边界不断被突破。随着再生剂研发与智能控制技术的融合，冷再生工艺将在全寿命周期道路建设中发挥更关键作用，成为推动交通基础设施绿色转型的重要力量。

　　The applicable working conditions of cold recycling machines have expanded from traditional maintenance to new construction projects, special environmental treatment and other fields, and their technical boundaries are constantly being broken through. With the integration of regenerant research and intelligent control technology, cold regeneration process will play a more critical role in road construction throughout the entire life cycle, becoming an important force in promoting the green transformation of transportation infrastructure.

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