变速箱油（ATF）是自动变速箱正常工作的生命线。它承担着传递液压动力、润滑运动部件、散热冷却、清洁内部杂质四大核心功能。可以说，变速箱80%以上的故障，追根溯源都与油品问题有关。

Transmission fluid (ATF) is the lifeline for the normal operation of automatic transmissions. It undertakes four core functions: transmitting hydraulic power, lubricating moving parts, dissipating heat and cooling, and cleaning internal impurities. It can be said that over 80% of gearbox failures are traced back to oil quality issues.

油品检查是非常直观的诊断手段。正常的ATF应为鲜红色或明亮的黄色、透明、无杂质、无刺激气味。通过油品的外观可以初步判断变速箱的健康状况：

Oil inspection is the most intuitive diagnostic method. Normal ATF should be bright red or bright yellow, transparent, free of impurities, and have no irritating odor. The appearance of the oil can preliminarily determine the health condition of the gearbox:

油液变黑、污浊：说明变速箱内部的摩擦材料已经烧损，需要解体大修。

The oil turns black and dirty: it indicates that the friction material inside the gearbox has been burned and needs to be disassembled for major repairs.

油液呈粉色、粘稠乳状：说明变速箱内部已经进水——非常常见的原因是散热系统水箱内部腐蚀导致油水混合，也可能是车辆涉水后通过透气孔进水。初期可通过2-3次换油解决，若已超过30天或行驶300公里以上，则建议大修。

The oil is pink and viscous in appearance, indicating that water has entered the gearbox. The most common cause is corrosion inside the cooling system water tank, leading to oil-water mixing. It may also be due to water entering through the ventilation holes after the vehicle has been submerged in water. In the initial stage, it can be solved by changing the oil 2-3 times. If it has been more than 30 days or driven for more than 300 kilometers, it must be overhauled.

油液呈灰色、伴有烟雾和刺激气味：说明变速箱内部已经严重高温，行星齿轮等部件可能已经烧毁，需立即大修。

The oil appears gray, accompanied by smoke and a pungent odor: it indicates that the internal temperature of the gearbox is severely high, and components such as planetary gears may have been burned out, requiring immediate major repairs.

换油周期是预防故障的关键。自动变速箱油建议在车辆每行驶三年或六万公里时更换。频繁在市区拥堵路况行驶的车辆，换挡频繁、负荷较大，应适当缩短换油周期；经常跑高速的车辆，变速箱工作状态较为稳定，可适当延长。不同类型变速箱的换油周期也有差异——AT变速箱约6-8万公里，CVT约4-6万公里。

The oil change cycle is the key to preventing malfunctions. It is recommended to replace the automatic transmission fluid every three years or 60000 kilometers of vehicle operation. Vehicles frequently driving in congested road conditions in urban areas, with frequent gear shifts and heavy loads, should shorten their oil change intervals appropriately; Vehicles that frequently drive on the highway have a stable gearbox operation, which can be extended appropriately. The oil change intervals for different types of transmissions also vary - AT transmissions are about 60000 to 80000 kilometers, while CVT transmissions are about 40000 to 60000 kilometers.

换油时须注意以下要点：第一，建议选用符合原厂规定的专用油——不同变速箱对油液的摩擦系数要求不同，劣质油品会导致内部元件早期磨损。第二，换油时应同步更换滤网（油格） ——就像换机油建议换机滤一样，变速箱油格如果老化堵塞，内部杂质会循环流动，导致精密元件卡滞。第三，确保散热系统正常工作——温度是自动变速箱的首要杀手，散热不良会导致油温过高、加速油品劣化。

When changing the oil, the following points should be noted: Firstly, special oil that meets the original factory regulations must be selected - different transmissions have different requirements for the friction coefficient of the oil, and inferior oil can cause early wear of internal components. Secondly, when changing the oil, the filter screen (oil grid) should be replaced simultaneously - just like changing the oil filter is necessary for changing the engine oil. If the transmission oil grid ages and becomes clogged, internal impurities will circulate and cause precision components to get stuck. Thirdly, ensure that the cooling system is working properly - temperature is the primary killer of automatic transmissions, and poor cooling can lead to high oil temperature and accelerated oil degradation.

关于换油方式，常见的包括重力换油和循环机换油两种。重力换油操作简单但换油不有效；循环机换油通过同步回收旧油与加注新油，维持变速箱内油量动态平衡，换油更有效。但无论采用哪种方式，确保油品型号正确、避免液压系统进气、检查油量是否适宜都是建议注意的事项。

Regarding oil change methods, common ones include gravity oil change and circulation machine oil change. Gravity oil change operation is simple, but the oil change is not thorough; The oil change of the circulation machine is achieved by synchronously recovering old oil and adding new oil to maintain the dynamic balance of the oil volume in the gearbox, making the oil change more thorough. However, regardless of the method used, ensuring the correct oil type, avoiding hydraulic system intake, and checking whether the oil level is appropriate are all necessary precautions.

本文由济南自动变速箱维修友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击:http://www.jnbsx.com真诚的态度.为您提供为多维度的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

This article is a friendly contribution from Jinan Automatic Transmission Maintenance For more information, please click: http://www.jnbsx.com Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.