水泥（石灰）土路拌法施工工艺

　　Construction technology of cement (lime) soil road mixing method

　　一、适用范围

　　1、 Scope of application

　　本工艺适用于在施工现场采用路拌法施工的水泥、石灰稳定土。

　　This process is applicable to cement and lime stabilized soil constructed by road mixing method on the construction site.

　　二、施工准备

　　2、 Construction preparation

　　1.材料：素土、水泥（石灰）、土工布、塑料布

　　1. Materials: Plain soil, cement (lime), geotextile, plastic cloth

　　（1）素土：初始含水率宜比最佳含水率大 2%～3%。含水率偏低时，在

　　(1) Plain soil: The initial moisture content should be 2% to 3% higher than the optimal moisture content. When the moisture content is low, in

　　施工阶段补水处理；含水率偏高时晾晒处理；如果没有合适土源，所用土

　　Water replenishment treatment during the construction phase; Air dry when the moisture content is too high; If there is no suitable soil source, the soil used

　　过湿，水泥土可考虑掺入适量比例的石灰，石灰土可考虑加大灰剂量。

　　If it is too wet, cement soil can consider adding an appropriate proportion of lime, and lime soil can consider increasing the amount of lime.

　　（2）水泥：选用初凝时间大于 3h、终凝时间不小于 6h 的 32.5 级、42.5

　　(2) Cement: Choose 32.5 grade and 42.5 grade with an initial setting time greater than 3 hours and a final setting time of not less than 6 hours

　　级普通硅酸盐水泥、矿渣硅酸盐、火山灰硅酸盐水泥。

　　Grade ordinary Portland cement, slag silicate, volcanic ash silicate cement.

　　（3）石灰：首选球磨灰，生石灰块需提前消解，过 20mm×20mm 筛网。

　　(3) Lime: Ball milled ash is preferred, and quicklime blocks need to be digested in advance and sieved through a 20mm x 20mm sieve.

　　2.机具：推土机、挖掘机、刮平机、水泥撒布车、中置式路拌机、旋

　　2. Machinery: bulldozer, excavator, scraper, cement spreader, mid mounted road mixer, rotary mixer

　　耕犁（后置式路拌机）、22t 钢轮压路机、30t 胶轮压路机、洒水车。

　　Plow (rear mounted road mixer), 22t steel wheel roller, 30t rubber wheel roller, sprinkler truck.

　　3.施工策划

　　3. Construction planning

　　（1）水泥土每个施工段最大面积控制在 2500 ㎡左右。

　　(1) The maximum area of each construction section of cement soil should be controlled at around 2500 square meters.

　　（2）根据经验及试验段总结，确定每个施工步骤所需时长，选择合适

　　(2) Based on experience and summary of test sections, determine the required duration for each construction step and choose the appropriate one

　　的布灰拌和起始时间，使刮平碾压避开夜间返潮和阳光直射时段。

　　The starting time for mixing the cloth and ash should be such that the scraping and rolling should avoid the period of night moisture and direct sunlight.

　　（3）根据试验段总结出素土摊铺时及整平时的虚铺系数，水泥（石灰）

　　(3) Based on the experimental section, summarize the virtual paving coefficient during plain soil paving and leveling, cement (lime)

　　土刮平时的虚铺系数，以及压实机械组合、碾压遍数。

　　The coefficient of false paving during soil scraping, as well as the combination of compaction machinery and the number of rolling passes.

　　三、工艺流程

　　3、 Process flow

　　素土摊铺→素土整平→水泥（石灰）撒布→拌和→稳压→刮平→碾压

　　Plain soil paving → Plain soil leveling → Cement (lime) spreading → Mixing → Pressure stabilization → Scraping → Rolling

　　→养护

　　→ Maintenance

　　四、过程演示

　　4、 Process demonstration

　　1.素土摊铺：下承层整平密实，验收合格后，白灰标出施工范围边线。

　　1. Plain soil paving: The lower layer shall be leveled and compacted. After passing the acceptance inspection, the construction boundary shall be marked with white lime.

　　计算每平方素土的虚铺方量（虚铺系数取 1.4～1.5），按照运输车装载方量

　　Calculate the virtual paving volume per square meter of plain soil (with a virtual paving coefficient of 1.4-1.5), based on the loading volume of the transport vehicle

　　计算方格网尺寸，白灰标出布土方格网，每个方格网内倾倒一车素土。挖

　　Calculate the grid size, mark the soil grid with white gray, and dump one truck of plain soil into each grid. dig

　　掘机将素土摊开。

　　The excavator spreads out the plain soil.

　　2.素土整平：按照纵横向间距 5 米测量高程，布设白灰点控制虚铺高

　　2. Plain soil leveling: Measure the elevation at a distance of 5 meters in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and set up white gray points to control the virtual paving height

　　度（虚铺系数取 1.4～1.5），推土机或挖掘机整平、稳压，稳压后对不平整

　　Degree (with a virtual paving coefficient of 1.4-1.5), level and stabilize with a bulldozer or excavator, and after stabilizing, correct any unevenness

　　区域单独处理。水泥（石灰）撒布前使用刮平机将素土刮平一遍。此阶段

　　Separate handling of regions. Before spreading cement (lime), use a scraper to level the plain soil once. At this stage

　　检测含水率偏低时，洒水车补水，使含水率比最佳含水率大 2%～3%；含水

　　When the moisture content is detected to be low, the sprinkler truck should replenish water to make the moisture content 2% to 3% higher than the optimal moisture content; water-containing

　　率过高时，采用旋耕犁或后置式路拌机翻拌晾晒。

　　When the rate is too high, use a rotary tiller or a rear mounted road mixer to mix and air dry.

　　3.水泥（石灰）撒布：计算每平方水泥（石灰）用量，在撒布车上设

　　3. Cement (lime) spreading: Calculate the amount of cement (lime) per square meter and set it on the spreading vehicle

　　定撒布系数；白灰标识施工边线，按撒布车宽度逐行撒布水泥（石灰）。

　　Fixed spreading coefficient; Mark the construction boundary with white ash and spread cement (lime) line by line according to the width of the spreading vehicle.

　　4.拌合：调试路拌机拌合深度，比设计值大 10mm～20mm，拌合范围重

　　4. Mixing: Adjust the mixing depth of the road mixer to be 10mm~20mm greater than the design value, with a heavy mixing range

　　200mm。拌和过程专人抽查拌和深度，采用旋耕犁或后置式路拌机翻拌中置式路拌机轮迹。

　　200mm. During the mixing process, a dedicated person checks the mixing depth and uses a rotary tiller or a rear mounted road mixer to flip and mix the wheel marks of a mid mounted road mixer.

　　5.稳压：推土机或挖掘机稳压一遍，不平整处单独处理。检测含水率

　　5. Voltage stabilization: Bulldozers or excavators should be stabilized once, and uneven areas should be treated separately. Detect moisture content

　　偏低时，洒水车补水，并等待水分充分渗入土体，使含水率比最佳含水率

　　When the water is too low, the sprinkler truck should replenish the water and wait for the water to fully penetrate the soil, so that the moisture content is higher than the optimal moisture content

　　0.5%～1%。

　　0.5% to 1%.

　　6.刮平：恢复高程控制点，虚铺系数取 1.15～1.2，刮平机精细找平。

　　6. Scraping: Restore the elevation control points, set the virtual paving coefficient to 1.15-1.2, and use a scraper to finely level.

　　7.碾压：先用 22t 单钢轮压路机静压 2 遍，再用 22t 单钢轮压路机弱

　　7. Rolling: First, use a 22t single steel wheel roller to statically press twice, and then use a 22t single steel wheel roller to press weakly

　　2 遍，强振 1～2 遍，最后用 30t 胶轮压路机静压 2 遍，直至压实度达到要求。碾压时先低后高、先慢后快，轮迹重叠 1/3。土质为粉质土、砂性土时，压路机前进时振动，后退时静压。

　　Twice, vigorously vibrate 1-2 times, and finally use a 30t rubber roller to statically press twice until the compaction degree meets the requirements. When rolling, start low and then high, start slow and then fast, with wheel tracks overlapping by 1/3. When the soil is silty soil or sandy soil, the roller vibrates when moving forward and static pressure when moving backward.

　　8.养护：碾压完成后，先覆盖土工布，人工洒水湿润，再覆盖一层塑

　　8. Maintenance: After compaction is completed, cover with geotextile, manually sprinkle water to moisten, and then cover with a layer of plastic

　　料布。中下层水泥（石灰）土可采用覆土养护，养护期内完成素土整形。

　　Material cloth. The middle and lower layers of cement (lime) soil can be cured by covering with soil, and the natural soil shaping can be completed during the curing period.

　　五、注意事项

　　5、 Precautions

　　1.质量控制

　　1. Quality control

　　（1）下承层碾压范围及素土摊铺范围应比底基层每侧宽 500mm 以上。

　　(1) The rolling range of the lower layer and the paving range of the plain soil should be at least 500mm wider than each side of the base layer.

　　（2）灰剂量计算时，应比设计要求含量增加 0.5%～1.0%。

　　(2) When calculating the ash dosage, it should be increased by 0.5% to 1.0% compared to the design requirements.

　　（3）从撒布水泥开始必须连续紧凑施工，确保在水泥初凝前完成碾压。

　　(3) Continuous and compact construction must be carried out from the spreading of cement to ensure that compaction is completed before the initial setting of the cement.

　　（4）采取补水措施后，可采用旋耕犁或后置式路拌机复拌一遍，但水

　　(4) After taking water replenishment measures, a rotary tiller or a rear mounted road mixer can be used to mix again, but the water

　　泥土需考虑施工时间，避免碾压完成前水泥初凝。

　　The construction time should be considered for the soil to avoid initial setting of cement before compaction is completed.

　　（5）施工各阶段应安排工人清理土中夹杂的石块、砖块、树根等杂物，

　　(5) At each stage of construction, workers should be arranged to clean up debris such as stones, bricks, tree roots, etc. mixed in the soil,

　　避免刮平碾压后形成小坑，影响观感质量。

　　Avoid forming small pits after scraping and rolling, which may affect the visual quality.

　　2.成品防护

　　2. Finished product protection

　　（1）水泥土施工后应封闭交通，需要洒水养护时采用小型洒水车，避

　　(1) After cement soil construction, traffic should be closed off, and small sprinkler trucks should be used for watering and maintenance to avoid

　　免碾压造成轮迹或表面松散。

　　Avoid rolling and causing wheel marks or loose surfaces.

　　（2）采用覆土养护时，挖掘机、运输车不能在水泥（石灰）土上行走，

　　(2) When using soil cover for maintenance, excavators and transport vehicles cannot walk on cement (lime) soil,

　　应先垫一层厚度不小于 300mm 的素土。道路两侧具备堆土条件的可提前存

　　A layer of plain soil with a thickness of not less than 300mm should be placed first. Pre storage of soil with conditions for stacking on both sides of the road

　　土，水泥（石灰）土施工后采用挖掘机甩土覆盖。

　　After the construction of soil and cement (lime) soil, excavators are used to dump soil and cover it.

　　3.安全文明：施工人员应远离机械，夜间施工要设置足够数量的灯，

　　3. Safety and civilization: Construction personnel should stay away from machinery, and sufficient number of lights should be set up for night construction,

　　确保施工人员安全。

　　Ensure the safety of construction personnel.

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