在道路养护领域，冷再生技术通过原位循环利用废旧沥青路面材料，实现资源节约与环境友好。然而，中国幅员辽阔的气候特征，使冷再生技术的应用面临多重挑战。通过构建气候适应性技术体系，可显著提升冷再生路面在复杂气候条件下的性能表现。

　　In the field of road maintenance, cold recycling technology achieves resource conservation and environmental friendliness by in-situ recycling of waste asphalt pavement materials. However, the vast climate characteristics of China pose multiple challenges to the application of cold recycling technology. By constructing a climate adaptive technology system, the performance of cold recycled road surfaces can be significantly improved under complex climate conditions.

　　一、气候因子的多维影响机制

　　1、 Multidimensional impact mechanism of climate factors

　　气候要素对冷再生技术的作用呈现复合效应：

　　The effect of climate factors on cold regeneration technology presents a composite effect:

　　温度梯度效应

　　Temperature gradient effect

　　在-20℃至40℃的温变范围内，冷再生材料的强度形成规律截然不同。低温环境（<5℃）下，乳化沥青破乳速度减缓，需通过化学改性加速固化进程；高温环境（>35℃）时，需添加缓凝剂防止早期车辙。

　　The strength formation pattern of cold recycled materials is completely different within the temperature range of -20 ℃ to 40 ℃. At low temperatures (<5 ℃), the demulsification rate of emulsified asphalt slows down, and chemical modification is needed to accelerate the curing process; When in high temperature environments (>35 ℃), it is necessary to add retarders to prevent early rutting.

　　湿度循环作用

　　Humidity cycle effect

　　年降雨量从200mm至2000mm的跨度，导致冷再生层的水稳定性需求差异显著。在湿润气候区，需采用高粘度乳化沥青与水泥复合稳定，使干湿劈裂强度比提升至80%以上。

　　The span of annual rainfall from 200mm to 2000mm results in significant differences in water stability requirements for the cold regeneration layer. In humid climate zones, it is necessary to use high viscosity emulsified asphalt and cement composite stabilization to increase the dry wet splitting strength ratio to over 80%.

　　冻融循环挑战

　　Freeze thaw cycle challenge

　　在季节性冻土区，年冻融循环次数可达30次以上。冷再生材料需通过纤维增强与孔隙优化，将冻融劈裂强度比控制在75%以上，避免因冰胀应力导致的层间剥离。

　　In seasonally frozen soil areas, the annual freeze-thaw cycle can reach more than 30 times. Cold recycled materials need to be reinforced with fibers and optimized for pores to control the freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio above 75%, avoiding interlayer delamination caused by ice swelling stress.

　　二、寒冷气候区技术适配

　　2、 Technical adaptation for cold climate regions

　　针对低温环境，冷再生技术需实施三大适应性改造：

　　For low-temperature environments, cold regeneration technology needs to undergo three major adaptive transformations:

　　材料配方优化

　　Material formula optimization

　　采用SBR胶乳改性乳化沥青，将玻璃化转变温度降低至-15℃，确保-10℃环境下仍可施工。掺入2%硅烷偶联剂，提升骨料与沥青的界面粘结强度。

　　SBR latex modified emulsified asphalt is used to reduce the glass transition temperature to -15 ℃, ensuring that construction can still be carried out in an environment of -10 ℃. Adding 2% silane coupling agent to enhance the interfacial bonding strength between aggregate and asphalt.

　　设备功能升级

　　Equipment function upgrade

　　冷再生机配备柴油加热系统与保温料仓，使混合料出料温度维持在15℃以上。在-20℃环境中，通过红外预热装置对旧路面板进行辐射加热，提升铣刨效率30%。

　　The cold regeneration machine is equipped with a diesel heating system and a thermal insulation bin to maintain the discharge temperature of the mixture above 15 ℃. In an environment of -20 ℃, the old pavement panel is heated by radiation through an infrared preheating device, which improves milling efficiency by 30%.

　　养生工艺创新

　　Innovation in Health Preservation Techniques

　　采用“薄膜覆盖+电热布”复合养生工艺，在-5℃环境下，7天养生强度可达设计值的90%。配套温湿度传感器，实时监测养生环境，自动调节加热功率。

　　Adopting the composite health preservation process of "film coverage+electric heating cloth", the health preservation strength can reach 90% of the design value in a -5 ℃ environment for 7 days. Equipped with temperature and humidity sensors, real-time monitoring of the health environment, and automatic adjustment of heating power.

　　三、湿热气候区技术适配

　　3、 Technical adaptation to humid and hot climate zones

　　针对高温多雨环境，冷再生技术需强化三大性能维度：

　　For high-temperature and rainy environments, cold regeneration technology needs to strengthen three major performance dimensions:

　　水稳定性能提升

　　Improved water stability performance

　　掺入3%水泥与0.5%消石灰，通过火山灰反应生成水化硅酸钙凝胶，将水稳定性系数提高至0.95。采用疏水型乳化沥青，接触角达110°，显著降低吸水率。

　　3% cement and 0.5% slaked lime are added to produce hydrated calcium silicate gel through pozzolanic reaction, which increases the water stability coefficient to 0.95. Using hydrophobic emulsified asphalt with a contact angle of 110 ° significantly reduces water absorption.

　　抗车辙能力增强

　　Enhanced anti rutting ability

　　在混合料中添加聚酯纤维与橡胶颗粒，形成三维增强网络。实测显示，60℃动稳定度可达8000次/mm，较常规配方提升3倍。

　　Add polyester fibers and rubber particles to the mixture to form a three-dimensional reinforcement network. Actual testing shows that the dynamic stability at 60 ℃ can reach 8000 cycles/mm, which is three times higher than the conventional formula.

　　排水功能集成

　　Integrated drainage function

　　设计大孔隙冷再生结构层，目标空隙率18%-22%。通过高渗水系数（>0.3cm/s），实现雨水快速下排，避免水损害导致的早期破坏。

　　Design a large pore cold regeneration structure layer with a target porosity of 18% -22%. By using a high permeability coefficient (>0.3cm/s), rainwater can be quickly discharged to avoid early damage caused by water damage.

　　四、干旱气候区技术适配

　　4、 Technological adaptation in arid climate zones

　　针对低湿度环境，冷再生技术需解决两大核心问题：

　　For low humidity environments, cold regeneration technology needs to address two core issues:

　　保水养生技术

　　Water retention and health preservation techniques

　　开发高分子保水剂，吸水倍率达300倍。在混合料中掺入0.3%保水剂，可维持7天养生期内部相对湿度>80%，强度形成速率提升40%。

　　Develop polymer water retaining agent with a water absorption rate of up to 300 times. Adding 0.3% water retaining agent to the mixture can maintain a relative humidity of over 80% during the 7-day curing period, and increase the strength formation rate by 40%.

　　抗风蚀设计

　　Anti wind erosion design

　　在冷再生层表面喷涂环保型固化剂，形成0.5mm厚防护膜。风洞试验显示，在12m/s风速下，表面骨料剥落量降低至2g/m?以下，满足抗风蚀要求。

　　Spray environmentally friendly curing agent on the surface of the cold regeneration layer to form a 0.5mm thick protective film. Wind tunnel tests have shown that at a wind speed of 12m/s, the amount of surface aggregate peeling is reduced to below 2g/m ?, meeting the requirements for wind erosion resistance.

　　五、气候适应性技术发展趋势

　　5、 Development Trends of Climate Adaptation Technologies

　　随着材料科学与智能建造的融合，冷再生技术正呈现两大进化方向：

　　With the integration of materials science and intelligent construction, cold recycling technology is presenting two major evolutionary directions:

　　智能气候响应系统

　　Intelligent Climate Response System

　　开发基于物联网的智能冷再生车，集成温湿度传感器、自动配料系统与气候补偿算法。可根据实时气象数据，动态调整乳化沥青用量与添加剂掺量，实现“一路一策”的精准施工。

　　Develop an intelligent cold recycling vehicle based on the Internet of Things, integrating temperature and humidity sensors, automatic batching systems, and climate compensation algorithms. Real time meteorological data can be used to dynamically adjust the dosage of emulsified asphalt and additives, achieving precise construction with "one route, one strategy".

　　全气候通用型材料

　　All climate universal material

　　研发温敏性纳米改性剂，使冷再生材料具备“低温促凝、高温缓凝”的双重特性。在-10℃至40℃范围内，强度形成时间可控制在4-8小时，显著拓宽冷再生技术的气候适用范围。

　　Developing temperature sensitive nano modifiers to endow cold recycled materials with dual characteristics of "low-temperature coagulation promotion and high-temperature coagulation retardation". Within the temperature range of -10 ℃ to 40 ℃, the strength formation time can be controlled within 4-8 hours, significantly expanding the climate applicability of cold regeneration technology.

　　不同气候区冷再生技术的应用差异，本质是材料性能、设备功能与施工工艺的协同适配。通过构建气候适应性技术体系，冷再生技术已突破传统气候限制，在寒冷、湿热、干旱等多元环境中展现出卓越的性能表现。这种技术进化不仅推动了道路养护的绿色转型，更为基础设施的可持续建设提供了创新解决方案。

　　The application differences of cold recycling technology in different climate zones are essentially the collaborative adaptation of material properties, equipment functions, and construction processes. By constructing a climate adaptive technology system, cold regeneration technology has broken through traditional climate limitations and demonstrated excellent performance in diverse environments such as cold, humid, and dry. This technological evolution not only promotes the green transformation of road maintenance, but also provides innovative solutions for the sustainable construction of infrastructure.

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